Abstract : The topological vertex, developed by Aganagic, Klemm, Marino and Vafa, provides an explicit algorithm to compute the open Gromov-Witten invariants of smooth toric Calabi-Yau threefolds in mathematics, as well as the A-model topological string amplitudes in physics. In this talk, I will introduce our recent work on establishing the connection between the topological vertex and multi-component KP hierarchy. This talk is based on a joint work with Zhiyuan Wang and Jian Zhou.